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Cod liver during pregnancy: can you eat it?

Cod liver during pregnancy — food recommendations

Cod liver

  Rather not recommended

Cod liver may contain heavy metals; it is recommended to avoid it during pregnancy, although occasional consumption does not pose a problem.

Cod liver is a filtering organ that concentrates environmental pollutants: heavy metals (mercury, cadmium), dioxins, and PCBs. These contaminants can cross the placenta and affect fetal development.

Additionally, cod liver is very rich in vitamin A (retinol), which at high doses can be teratogenic (risk of fetal malformations). For the same reason, cod liver oil supplements are not recommended during pregnancy.

If you are looking for a source of omega-3, opt for small oily fish (sardine, mackerel, herring) or a purified fish oil supplement (not cod liver oil).

To learn more, read our comprehensive guide: everything you need to know about this food during pregnancy

Sources and references

  1. ANSES — Fish consumption and contaminant exposure
  2. ANSES — Vitamin A and pregnancy: recommendations
  3. EFSA — Dioxins and PCBs in food and feed

Frequently asked questions

Can you eat cod liver while pregnant?

Cod liver is rather not recommended during pregnancy. It may contain heavy metals and pollutants, and its high vitamin A content can be harmful to the fetus at high doses.

Cod liver and pregnancy: what are the risks?

The risks are twofold: contamination by heavy metals (mercury, cadmium) and excess vitamin A (retinol) which can be teratogenic. Occasional consumption does not pose a problem, but it is best to avoid it.

Cod liver oil and pregnancy: is it allowed?

Cod liver oil is not recommended during pregnancy due to its very high vitamin A content. Prefer a fish oil supplement (omega-3) that does not contain excess vitamin A.

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